Type writing machine



4 sheets-snm, `1.

(No Model.)

lJ. P. MOLAUGHLIN.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

Patented July Z, 1889.

WW IN# 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

J. P. MCLAUGHLIN.

TYPEYWRITING MACHINE.

. Patented Jfuly 2, 1889..

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' (No Model.) 4 sheets-sheet s.

J. F. MGLAUGHLIN. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 406,292. y Patented July 2, 1889.

NVENTQFI;

BIMZ

4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

Patented July 2, 18S-SL A (Nomodel.) I

' J. I'. MGLAUGHLIN.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.-

JAMES F. MCLAUGI-ILIN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 406,292, dated July 2,- 1889.

Application filed September l0, 1888. Serial No. 285,086. (No model.)

a speciiication.

My invention relates to improvements in type-writing machines in which a traveling carriage supporting the impression-cylinder is fed forward the space of one letter after each imprint of a type upon the paper; and its special object is -to provide novel means for causing the carriage to be automatically returned to its starting-point when the end of a line of printing or writing has been reached.

In an application filed by me .I une 5, 1338, Serial No. 27 6,151, I have shown and described an automatic reverse movement for the carriage of an electric type-writer, and the invention herein shown and described is an improvement upon the same, the specific points of novelty of which will clearly appear from the, following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form a part thereof, and in which- Figure 1 is a view in elevation of the rear of the carriage and letter-spacing mechanism supported in position upon the frame of the machine; Fig. 2, a similar view of the front. of the carriage and the letter-spacing mechanism in their relative positions. Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the carriage and of a portion of the letter and line spacing mechanisms; Fig. 4., a plan view of the rear part of the carriage, showing the movable rack-bar and the sliding bar operating the same. Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation on line 0c x of Fig. a. Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view of the ratchet, gear-wheel, and spring-barrel, constituting a part of the letter-spacing and reverse-movement mechanism. of the spring-barrel. Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the casting and pointer for gaging the end of a line of printing. Fig. 9 is a perspective view showing the relation of the sliding bar and locking-lever. Fig. 10 is a perspective view of t-he rear part of the carriage, showing the movable rack-bar, the sliding bar operating the same, and the sleeves and pins for guiding the rack-bar. Fig. 11 is a Fig. 7 is an interior view-` perspective view of one of the guiding sleeves and pins detached. Fig. 12 is a sectional elevation of one side bar of the carriage, showing the guiding sleeve and pin, with the rackbar secured to the latter; and Fig. 13 shows a section on line z ,z of Fig. 12.

Like numerals of reference indicate like parts in all the figures of the drawings.

Referring now more particularly to Fig. 1, the base-plate or platform 1 of the machine is there shown supported upon legs 2 2, and two standards 3 3, mounted upon the rear end of the platform, have hinged to their upper ends ate et the guide-bar et', upon which the rear portion of the carriage 6 is mounted by means of anti-friction rollers 5 5, so that when not otherwise obstructed the carriage may move along and upon guide-bar 4. from one end to the other of the same. One anti-friction roller 7, secured to the front of the carriage and at about the center thereof, as indicated in Figs. 2 and 3, moves upon the front bar 8 of the frame of the machine, and when the carriage is raised for inspection of the printing, as is usual in machines of this character, it will turn with the guide-bar 4. about the hinges -l el. To the platform 1 is secured the framework 9, one part of which 9 extends below the platform and is shaped like a rectangular box, and the other part, extending above the platform, is recessed at 10 and has there mounted upon a stud 11 a ratchet-wheel 12, gear-wheel 13, and a spring-barrel 14, the functions of which will hereinafter more fully appear.

In the box-shaped portion 9 of frame 9 is secured an electro-magnet 15, and to a bracket 16 is pivoted the pawl-lever 17, carrying an armature 18 in operative relation to the electro-magnet and a gravity-pawl 19, which is in engagement with the ratchet 12. To the upper free end of the pawl-lever is secured a stop-tooth 20, which is in position to engage one of the teeth of gear-wheel 13 when the pawllever is actuated by the electro-mag'- net, and since the number of teeth in the gear-wheel 13 is equal to the number of teeth in the ratchet-wheel it will be seen that when the pawl-lever is actuated by the electro-magnet and the ratchet is turned by the gravitypawl 19 the stop-tooth 2O will limit the rotation of the ratchet to one tooth, since the roo Y pawl-lever 17 is actuated after each imprint upon the paper, and this is done either electro-magnetically, as indicated, or mechanically, in a manner clearly set forth in my pending application, Serial N 276,151; but for the purposes of my present invention it is of no consequence by what agency the pawl-lever is actuated, so long as it is understood that it will be actuated atter cach printing operation.

In Figs. and 7 the ratchet, gear-wheel, and

spring-barrelare shown in detail. The ratchet and gearwheels are secured together by screws, as indicated, and are loose upon stud 1l. The gear-wheel. itself is recessed upon one face, and the rabbeted end of the springbarrel enters said recess, while the other end of the spring-barrel is accommodated within the recess 10, formed in the upper end of t rame 9. The sprin g-barrel is also loose upon stud 11 but one en d of its spiral spring 25 is secured to the stud, while the other end of the spring is secured to the body of the drum or barrel. Thus it will be seen that while the ratchet and gear-wheels will necessaril)7 move together they will be in d epeu d ent of the movement ot the spring-barrel. The edge of the latter is also provided with gear-teeth equal in number to the teeth of gear-wheel 13 and Ilush with the latter. Upon the carriage is mounted a raek-bar2t5, extending throughout the whole length of the carriage and et such width or thickness that the teeth of: the rackbar will normally engage the teeth of both the gear-wheel 13 and of the spring-barrel 14. It will now be understood that when by the op eration of the pawl-lever the ratchet and gear-wheels are rotated step by step the earriage upon which the rack-bar is mounted will be moved longitudinally, and by reason of the engagement ot the rack-bar with the teeth upon the sl'n-ing-barrel the latter will also be rotated, and the spring 25 will be wound up step by step as the carriage advances toward the end of a line of printing. Thus as the carriage is fed forward power is stored in the spring, which, when permitted, is suiiicient to return the carriage to its starting-point. A gravity check-pawl 27, pivoted upon a bracket 2S, which extends laterally `from the upper end of fra-me 9, is used to prevent a partial return movement ot the carriage during the outward stroke of the pawllever.

Near the rea-r ends of the side bars 29 29 of the carriage, and to the under side thereof, are secured sleeves 30 130, each of which receives a sliding rod 3l, to the free ends of which the rack-bar 2G is secured, so that when said sliding rods are moved within the sleeves the rack-bar is shifted laterally, whereby it may be moved from the position where it engages the teeth of both the gear-wheel and the spring-barrel to a position where it engages the teeth on the spring-barrel alone, as is indicated inFigs. and (i. This lateral movement oi' the rack-bar is produced by a longitudinal movement of a rectangular sliding bar 32. This bar is guided in rectangular recesses 33, formed near the end ot the sleeves 230, in the upper face thereof, and which are so deep as to eut through the sheil of the sleeve. The sliding' rods 551 are formed flat at their upper tace, and this ll'lat portion is flush with the bottom of recess 33, as is best illustrated in Fig. 1l.

From the flattened upper `face of eaeh rod 31 projects a shortpin into an inclined slot 35 in the rectangular sliding bar 32. There are two such slots in bar 32, one near each end of the bar, and each receives the pin 3# from one of the rods 31, and lit will now be understood that when the bar is moved longitudinally within the recesses 2:33 the sides of slots 35 will act as cams upon pins 2H- and will move the rods Sl 3l within sleeves 30 ff thereby shitting the rack-bar 20, which is secured to these rods laterally. positions the rack-bar will engage at the same time the teeth of gear-wheel 13 and ot springbarrel 14, and this position may be called the normal7 position of the rack-bar, while in the other or shifted position the rack-bar will only engage the teeth of the spring-barrel 'l-l', as indicated in Figs. 3 and G.

The longitudinal sliding movement of bar 32 is accomplished by the following instru mentalities: A screw-rod 3G, having a screwthread of a rather high pitch, is journaled in bearings 37 38,1ixed upon sliding bar 32. One of these bearings 37 is near the middle ot' bar 32, and the other 3S is at the .right-hand end of the same, as will be seen by reference to Figs. 1, 2, 4, and 5. A cast-ing 39 (shown Ain perspective in Fig. S) is shaped with a central boss, as shown, and with a downwardly-extending tail-piece 40. An arm il, extending upwardly trom the central boss, is provided with a pointer 4,2 and with a pin 43, which is destined to actuate the alarm-bell ordinarily used in machines of this character for indicating the approach ot the end of a line et' printing. A rectangular slot 4:1-, formed in the central boss ot' the casting, receives the sliding bar and a screw-threaded hole 45 receivcs the screw-rod 3G, so that when the latter is turned by means ot' the milled head 3G the casting 3) will be moved along' and upon the sliding bar to the desired position, in which it may be fixed by the set-screwttil (Indicated in Fig. 4.) As will be seen by reference to Figs. 2, 5, and 8, the upper extension In one ot' its of casting 39,to which pin43is secured,forms one prong of a fork, of which the pointer 42 is the other prong, and by reference to Figs. 2 and 5 it will be seen that these prongs embrace a scale-bar 47, so that the pointer will indicate the position to which the casting has been adjusted.

When by the ordinary operation of the machine the carriage is moved forward step by step in the manner hereinbefore described, the tail-piece 40 of casting 39 will approach the middle of the supporting-frame 1 3 3 until it comes in contact with a stop 28', which is shown in Fig. 2 as a bracket secured to bracket 28 and extending upwardly into the path of the tail-piece. The sliding bar 32, to which casting 39 is fixed, is thus prevented from following the continued movement of the carriage, and as the latter is propelled onward bar 32 will be shifted longitudinally with relation to the carriage, or, rather, the carriage will be shifted with relation to bar 32, and by reason of theinclined slots 35 near the ends of said bar engaging the pins 34, projecting from rods 31 3l, the rack-bar secured to the latter will be shifted laterally, asihereinbefore described.

,- Ashas been stated before, the 110111131 D0 sition of the rack-bar is such that it engages at the same time both the teeth of the gearwheel 13 and ofthe spring-barrel 14, and when shifted by the longitudinal displacement of bar 32 with relation to the carriage it engages the teeth of the spring-barrel alone. By the reaction of spring 25, which by this time has been put under tension, the barrel is rotated in the opposite direction, and the rack-bar and connected carriage are thus returned to their original position, as will now be readily understood by those skilled in the art. The rack-bar must be locked in either of its two positions, so that the carriage may be fed forward and then returned to its starting-point with security, and this is effected by a spring 48, secured to one of the side bars of the carriage, and engaging,` with a wedge-shaped tloth 49, formed at its free end, one of two V-shaped notches 50 50 in bar 32. The two notches are so spaced that one corresponds to the position of lbar 32 when the rack-bar is in its normal position and the other to that position of bar 32 which it occupies when the rack-bar is in its shifted position. A slight or accidental mechanical impulse which the bar 32 may receive will not be sufficient to overcome the pressure of spring 48; but when said bar is forcibly acted upon spring 48 will yield and its tooth 49 will disengage one of the notches 50 and will allow the bar to be shifted with .relation to the carriage until the other notch is engaged. The sufficiently powerful impulse for shifting bar 32 in one direction is furnished by the letterspacing mechanism, hereinbefore described, and the sufficiently powerful impulse for shift-ing the bar in the other direction is furnished by the line-spacin g mechanism. This mechanism is substantially like the line-spacing mechanism illustrated and described with great minuteness of detail in my pending application,-Serial N o. 276,151, and since it forms no part of my present invention it need only be described sufliciently to explain its co-operation with the automatic reverse movement of the carriage.

. To one end of the impression-cylinder 51 (shown in dotted lines in Figs. 2 and 3) is secured a gear-Wheel 52, and a lever53, pivoted upon the shaft of the cylinder, is provided with a gravity-pawl 54, the lower end of which only is visible in Fig. 3, the upper end, which engages the teeth of the gearwheel 52, being hidden from View. The free weighted end of lever 53 is provided with 'an anti-friction roller 55, which bears upon the upper edge of a slidingbar 56, placed behind the front bar 29 of the carriage. The greater part of this sliding bar 56 is indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 2, and, as will be seen by reference to the drawings, one end of itis expanded to form an inclined plane 56', which is in effect a continuation of the upper straight edge of the main body of the bar. The other end of bar 56 is shaped cylindrically, as indicated at 57, and this cylindrical portion is guided in a sleeve 58, and is acted upon by a helical spring 58', which, when expanded, maintains the bar 56 in the position indicated in the drawings-z'. e., with the inclined plane 56 just beyond the antifriction roller 55. The bar 56 is also guided and is limited in its movements by a pin 59, projecting from its side and entering a slot 60 in the front bar 29 of the carriage. From about the middle of bar 56 projects a bracket 61 over the front bar 29 and down of the front bar 8 of the supporting-frame of the machine. In this front bar 8 a series of holes 62 62 are provided, and a pin 63 may be inserted in and withdrawn from either of these holes. If the pin 63 is inserted, as shown, and if the carriage is reversed in the manner hereinbefore described, the bracket 61 will strike the pin, whereby the bar 56 will be stopped, while the carriage continues its reverse movement. The carriage is thus shifted with relation to bar 56, thereby compressing the helical spring 58 and causing the roller 55 to ride up the inclined plane 56', whereby the pawl-lever 53 is raised to the position indicated in dot-ted lines in Fig. A partial rotation is thus given to thcimpression-cylinder, and the paper is fed forward for a new line between the impression-cylinder and a feed-roller 64.

The upward movement of the line-feeding pawl-lever 53 is utilized for returning the sliding bar 32 and thereby the rack-bar to their original normal position, whereby the reverse movement of the carriage is stopped. This is effected in the following manner: At that end of sliding bar 32 at which the bearing 38 for screw-rod 36 is formed there is also within a short distance from the upper edge' IOO IIS

formed a ehamfer G5, and fromthe side of lever 5o a pin G6 projects laterally. Between ehamfer G5 and pin GG extends a two-armed lever G7, pivoted at about its middle to the side bar 29 of the carriage. The heavier arm of lever (57 is bent inwardly at its end, as shown at G8, and the lower end edge of this iiiwardly-projecting portion is beveled, as shown. Normally the heavy arm of lever 67 rests by its own weight upon the bottom of a U-shaped bracket G9, secured to the side bar 29, and in this condition of the machine the beveled end 68 of lever G7 is just out of contact with the lower edge of chamfer 05, or barely touches the same, while the other arm of lever (37, which extends over pin (36, is raised and is out of contact with the latter. The position of lever 67 in this condition of the machine is indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 3.

If now the carriage is fed forward by the letter-spacing mechanism during the ordinary operation of the machine, and arriving near the end of aline of writing, which is gaged by the position of casting 39, the sliding bar 32 at the rear of the carriage is moved toward the right to shift the rack-bar to bein engagement with the teeth of the spring-barrel alone, which at once reverses the carriage, as hereinbefore fully described. The movement of sliding bar 32 with relation to the carriage causes the beveled end of lever G7 to ride up the incline of the chamfer G5 and the other end of the lever is depressed to the position indicated in full lines in Fig. 3, bearing upon pin G6. Then the carriage arrives near the end of its reverse movement, which is gaged by the position of pin (53 in one of the holes (52 G2, the sliding bar 5G at the forward end of the carriage is shifted to the left with relation to the carriage, and the anti-friction roller at the end of pawl-lever 53, riding up the inclined plane 5G', raises said lever to the position indicated in dotted lines, whereby the line-feed is effected. At the same time the pin (56 raises the forward end of lever U7, which is now in its path, and thereby depresses the rear end of said lever, and the beveled end of which, acting upon the chamfer 65 like acam, forces the slidingbar 32 back to its normal position, whereby the rack-bar is also shifted to its normal position in engagement with the teeth of both the springbarrel and the gear-wheel 13. Thus it will be seen that sliding bar 32 and the rack-bar are shifted positively to bring the latter in its two positions for the regular letter-spacing and for the reverse movement. It' now a new line of writing is produced and the carriage is again fed forward, the anti-friction roller 55 slowly descends the inclined plane 56 and the bar 5G is returned to its original position by the reaction of helical spring 58.

In the drawings, Figs. l and 2, mechanism is shown for preventing the spring-barrel to unwind when the carriage is raised for inspection of the work. This mechanism forms no part of my present invention and n eed. not be described at length. Then the carriage is raised-. e., when it is up about thehinges l l-ihe rack-bar disengages the teeth of the spring-barrel, so that the latter would at once run down, and there would then be no power to effect the next reverse movement. To pre bvent this I have provided a pivoted pawl 70,

Aweighted at its rear end, so as to bring its tooth normally out of engagement with the spring-barrel. This weighted rear end of pawl 70 rests upon the depressed portion of an eccentric 7l, keyed to a rotary shaft 72, which is turned by a pitman 73 and crank 74, connecting the shaft with the guidebar 4C', upon which the carriage moves and which turns with the latter about the hinges a l. Thus when the carriage is raised and before the rack-bar disengages the teeth of the spring-barrel the elevated port-ion of the eccentric is moved under the rear part of pawl 70 and the tooth of the latter engages one of the teeth of the spring-barrel, and thus prevent-s the unwinding of the spring.

It is evident from the foregoing description that numerous changes in the details of cou struction maybe made without in any way or manner departing from the essence of my invention, and that I am therefore not limited to the exact details herein shown and de scribed.

I claim as new and desire to secure by Let-4 ters Patentl. In a type-writer having automatic letter and line spacing mechanisms, the combination, with such mechanisms and a spring-barrel for storing power during and by the letterspacing operation, and for reversing the carriage automatically when the end of a* line of writing is reached, of a shifting rack-bar upon the carriage, which in one position actuates the spring-barrel and in the other position is actuated by the same, mechanism for shifting the rack `bar automatically in one direction by the letter-spacing movement of the carriage, and mechanical connection with the line-spacin g mechanism for shifting the rackbar automatically in the other direction, substantially as described.

2. In a type-writer having automatic letter and line spacing mechanisms, the combination of a spring-barrel for storing power during the letter-spacing operation and a shifting rack-bar upon the carriage actuating the spring-barrel in one position and actuated by the same in another position, with a sliding bar for shifting the rack-bar, positively actuated in one direction by the letter-spacing movement of the carriage and in the other direction by the line-spacing mechanism, substantially as described.

3. In a type-writer having automatic letter and line spacing mechanisms, the combination of a spring-barrel for storing power during the letter-spacing operation and a rackbar upon the carriage in gear with the spring barrel, with a gear-wheel normally engaging Ico IIO

the rack-bar for advancing the carriage step by step, a sliding bar for shifting the rack-bar out of and into engagement with the gear- Wheel, a lixed stop in the path of the sliding bar for actuating the latter positively in one direction, and a lever operated by the linespacing mechanism for actuating the sliding bar positively in the other direction, substantially as described.

4. In a type-Writer, the combination of an automatic step-by-step carriage-feed or letterspacing mechanism andan automat-ic linespacing mechanism With a spring-barrel actuated by a rack-bar mounted'upon the carriage for storing power during the letterspacing operation, a sliding bar for shifting the rack-bar in and out of engagement with 

